Random Numbers
NumPy can generate random numbers with a random number generator.
rng is the generator object. It can produce different kinds of random values.
Integers
rng.integers(1, 7, size=5)
This produces five integers from 1 up to, but not including, 7. It is a
way to simulate five dice rolls.
Floating-point values
rng.random(5)
This produces five floating-point values in the half-open interval [0, 1):
zero is possible, but one is not.
Generate random values
Ready to run.
The values are random-looking, but the seed makes this example rerunnable.
Shape still matters
Random arrays have shapes like any other arrays:
rng.random((2, 3))
produces a two-by-three array.
Exercise: Random array shape
What shape does rng.random((2, 3)) produce?
Answer it first, then check.
Hint
The tuple passed to random directly states the requested output shape.
Solution
The output shape is (2, 3): two rows and three columns.