Docstrings and Readable Code

A docstring is a short string placed at the top of a function body to explain what the function does.

Docstrings are for readers. They are useful when the function name and parameters are not enough.

Write the Contract

A good beginner docstring says what the function returns:

This is short, but it tells the reader how to check the function.

Prefer Clear Names First

Do not use a docstring to rescue confusing names.

Less clear:

Clearer:

Use the docstring when it adds meaning, not when the names should have done the work.

A Small Milestone

The functions in this chapter can now form a tiny toolkit:

Three small functions

The milestone functions are short enough to test by hand.

Runs locally with Python in your browser.

Ready to run.

Comments Should Not Repeat the Code

Do not write a paragraph when a sentence is enough. A docstring should help the next reader quickly understand the function.

Exercise: Read the function contract

What value does this function return?

Compute it first, then check your number.

HintSubstitute into the contract

Replace weight, value, and bias in weight * value + bias with the supplied arguments.

SolutionThe function returns fourteen

The return expression becomes 3 * 4 + 2. Multiplication produces 12, then adding the bias produces 14.

Readable Code Explains Intent

Readable functions have clear names, visible inputs, a returned value, and a short note when the purpose needs one.