Solutions
LM-C08-C-001
log(1) = 0, so -log(1) = 0.
LM-C08-C-002
2 + 2 + 4 + 4 = 12, and 12 / 4 = 3.
LM-C08-C-003
With base-2 logs, perplexity is 2^4 = 16.
LM-C08-C-004
Bits per byte is 30 / 10 = 3.
LM-C08-C-005
No. Validation text is used while choosing settings. The final test split should remain separate.