Capacity as a Function Family

A model architecture defines a family of functions.

The parameters choose one function from that family.

For:

f(x; w, b) = wx + b

each pair (w, b) gives a different line.

w = 1, b = 0     f(x) = x
w = 2, b = 0     f(x) = 2x
w = 2, b = 3     f(x) = 2x + 3

This family can represent many lines, but not every possible pattern. It cannot bend. It cannot make a curve. It cannot make several separated regions by itself.

That limitation is not a failure. It is a clue.

Later chapters add nonlinear activations and layers so the model family becomes richer.

Capacity is not always better

A richer family can fit more patterns. It can also fit noise when the data is limited.

For now, keep the simple definition:

capacity = what kinds of functions the model family can represent
DL-C02-T06-001Exercise: Choose the function

For f(x; w, b) = wx + b, with w = 2 and b = 3, what is f(4)?

Compute it first, then check your number.

HintParameters choose the line

Use the current w and b.

SolutionWork it out

f(4) = 2 x 4 + 3 = 11.

DL-C02-T06-002Exercise: Recognize the limitation

A model family f(x) = wx + b can represent straight lines. Enter 1 if it can represent every curved pattern without changing the architecture, or 0 if it cannot.

Compute it first, then check your number.

HintThink about shape

Changing w and b changes the line, but it is still a line.

SolutionWork it out

The family wx + b contains lines. Changing parameters changes which line, but it does not turn the architecture into a curved model family.